K-01
Coating collapse, kiln amp spike
KilnMedium15 min
HandoverNight shift reports a stable kiln. Two minutes ago the kiln drive jumped and the shell scanner shows a warm band near pier 2. Production wants you to hold full feed.
TrainsReading kiln amps against NOx, and protecting the shell while coating builds back.
K-02
Clinker ring forming
KilnHard20 min
HandoverOver the last hour kiln drive amps have crept up. The ID fan is working harder at the same feed. O2 looks steady. The last operator added a bit of fuel "to burn it off".
TrainsTelling a ring from false air, and slowing ring growth before it shuts the kiln.
K-03
Ring collapse and material surge
KilnExpert10 minSafety
HandoverA known ring has been growing for two days. The field operator is at the clinker discharge checking the breaker. Suddenly a lot of alarms come in at once.
TrainsProtecting people and the cooler when a ring lets go.
K-04
Cold kiln, high free lime
KilnEasy15 min
HandoverThe raw mix changed at the blending silo an hour ago and is harder to burn. NOx has been dropping and the last free lime came back high.
TrainsCatching a cooling kiln early, before the lab result tells you.
K-05
Hot kiln, overburning
KilnEasy15 min
HandoverNight shift pushed fuel to fix high free lime and never took it back off. The lab just called: free lime is very low. Shell temperatures are creeping up.
TrainsTaking heat out of an overburned kiln and saving the fuel it wastes.
K-06
Unstable burner flame
KilnMedium15 min
HandoverAfter a primary air fan problem, the flame looks unsteady on the kiln camera. Burning zone temperature jumps around and CO keeps hitting 150 ppm.
TrainsFinding the cause of an unsteady flame instead of chasing the swings.
K-07
Kiln startup, ramp to full production
KilnMedium45 min
HandoverThe kiln is back after a repair stop and has run at half feed for an hour. Everything is steady. Production wants full feed as soon as it is safe.
TrainsRamping from half to full feed safely, in far less time than small steps and long waits.
U-04
Alternative fuel swings
KilnHard15 min
HandoverA new load of shredded plastic fluff started feeding the main burner 30 minutes ago. Management wants as much alternative fuel as possible today. BZT, O2 and CO are swinging.
TrainsRunning alternative fuel hard without upsetting the kiln.
P-01
Cyclone buildup forming
PreheaterHard20 min
HandoverStage-4 pressure drop has crept up over the shift and gas flow is lower at the same fan speed. Calciner CO is going up and down. Calciner fuel was raised earlier.
TrainsSpotting buildup early and fixing its cause, not just the draft.
P-02
High CO at calciner, short of air
PreheaterMedium12 minSafety
HandoverA new petcoke shipment started to the calciner 20 minutes ago. The tertiary air damper was closed down some last shift. Calciner CO alarms are coming in.
TrainsHandling calciner CO safely when air runs short.
P-03
Preheater false air spiral
PreheaterExpert20 min
HandoverCO has gone up and down all shift, higher each time. Each time, the last operator bumped the ID fan up. It keeps coming back worse.
TrainsBreaking a CO and draft spiral that makes itself worse.
P-04
Cyclone jam, meal not reaching kiln
PreheaterMedium12 minSafety
HandoverStage-4 outlet temperature is moving away from stage 3. Kiln inlet temperature is climbing. The feed meter still reads steady.
TrainsRecognizing a hung cyclone, clearing it the approved way, and readying the kiln for the meal dump.
P-05
Downdraft calciner running hot
PreheaterMedium15 minDowndraft calciner lines
HandoverA richer petcoke blend started to the calciner 15 minutes ago. Last shift moved the meal split gate toward the riser. The calciner outlet is climbing toward its high alarm.
TrainsUsing the meal split and calciner fuel for the jobs each one does.
C-01
Snowman at cooler inlet
CoolerMedium15 min
HandoverClinker discharge temperature is climbing and the bed looks uneven. Hood pressure has been creeping toward zero.
TrainsCatching a snowman early and breaking it up with people kept safe.
C-02
Red river, poor clinker cooling
CoolerMedium15 min
HandoverHot, dusty kiln since midnight. Clinker discharge temperature is high and secondary air temperature is jumping around.
TrainsGetting cooling back with fine clinker, without pouring on air everywhere.
C-03
Cooler undergrate pressure drop
CoolerHard12 min
HandoverVery coarse clinker for the last hour. The cooler is in undergrate pressure auto. Pressure is falling and grate drive amps are climbing.
TrainsControlling the cooler when coarse clinker fools the pressure reading.
M-01
Coal mill fire risk, rising CO
MillsHard10 minSafety
HandoverThe coal mill is running hot after a switch to wet coal. Filter CO is climbing. A field operator asks if he should open the inspection cover to look.
TrainsHandling a smoldering mill without putting anyone at risk.
M-02
Baghouse DP spike, cleaning fault
MillsMedium12 min
HandoverMaintenance worked on the compressed air system this morning. Kiln baghouse DP is rising and the ID fan is struggling to hold draft.
TrainsFinding the cause of high baghouse DP before forcing more flow.
M-03
Baghouse bag failure, dust breakthrough
MillsHard10 minSafety
HandoverThe raw mill is down and the gas conditioning tower cannot keep up. Baghouse DP just dropped and stack opacity is rising.
TrainsResponding to torn bags and an emissions event, including the report.
M-04
Raw mill trip, kiln interaction
MillsMedium12 min
HandoverNormal running. The raw mill is grinding on kiln exhaust gas. Stand by.
TrainsProtecting the baghouse and holding the kiln when the raw mill trips.
U-01
Power dip, partial trip recovery
UtilitiesHard12 minSafety
HandoverLightning storm over the substation. The lights flicker.
TrainsGetting safe first, then restarting in the right order.
U-02
ID fan surge, draft loss
UtilitiesMedium12 minSafety
HandoverThe ID fan inlet damper has been getting dirty. Draft is swinging and fan vibration is climbing. Production wants you to hold the rate.
TrainsKeeping the kiln on when the ID fan surges.
U-03
False air leak
UtilitiesEasy15 min
HandoverExit O2 has read high all shift, but the flame looks lazy and the ID fan is working harder than usual. The last operator raised the fan to "give it more air".
TrainsFinding false air hiding behind a good O2 reading.
Difficulty runs Easy, Medium, Hard, Expert. Safety drills carry hard rules: break one and the run fails, however good the rest was. P-05 appears when the plant model has a downdraft calciner.